This Weeks' Topic

Introduction

Introduction

Engineering graphics is the primary medium for developing and communicating design concepts. Covers the total field of graphical problem solving and has two major areas of specialization:Descriptive Geometry, and Documentation Drawings (the focus of this course)

The Design Team

The group of people involved in an engineering project can range from scientists holding advanced degrees to drafters who have minimal post secondary education The role of the drafter will be the focus of this course

The Drafter

Drafters prepare construction documents and specifications and translate designs into working drawings and technical illustrations

Working Drawings

Working drawings are visual instructions for fabricating products and erecting structures in all fields of engineering

Technical Illustration

Technical illustration is the most artistic area of engineering design graphics, visually depicts projects and products for operations manuals and presentations

The Design Process

The design process is a way of devising innovative solutions to problems that will result in new products or systems

Product Design

Product design is the creation, testing, and manufacture of an item that usually will be mass produced, such as an appliance, tool, or toy

Systems Design

System design combines products and their components into a unique arrangement and provides a method for their operation

The Design Process In Use

Design is the process of creating a product or system to satisfy a set of requirements that has multiple solutions by using any available resources

Six Steps Of The Process

The six steps of the design process are:

Problem identification

Preliminary ideas

Idea refinement

Analysis

Decision Implementation (our focus)

Problem Identification

The the following illustrates the steps to designing a configurable weight bench. The first step is to consider the most common weight lifting exercises.

Preliminary Idea

These sketches illustrate the preliminary ideas for the exercise bench

Idea Refinement

These refinement drawings of the preliminary ideas show the same design drawn to scale and showing a few major dimensions

Analysis

Analysis is where the design elements are compared against the intended use to see if the design will fulfill the desired function

Decision

This is the point where any design choice's that need to be made are decided, for example: If there is more than one design under consideration If there is more than one option to solve a problem within a single design

Implementation

Implementation is the final step of the design process. The following slides show the two main types of drawings used document the final design

Working Drawings

Working drawings are used to fabricate the individual pieces needed to make the product

Assembly Drawings

Assembly drawings are used to show how the parts that make up the whole are put together

Drawing Instruments

The preparation of technical drawings requires knowledge of and skill in the use of drafting instruments.

Skill and productivity increase with practice

Even people with little artistic ability can produce professional technical drawings when they learn to use drawing instruments properly

Pencils

Pencil grades range from the hardest, 9H, to the softest, 7B 2H is grade of lead that will be used for work in this course

T-Square & Board

The T-Square and drawing board are basic pieces of drafting equipment Always tape drawing paper to the board parallel to the blade of the T-Square

Triangles

The two types of triangles used most often are the 45º and the 30º-60º triangle

45º Triangle

You may use a 45º triangle to draw lines at 45º intervals throughout 360 >º

30º-60º Triangle

30º-60º triangle may be used to draw lines at 30º intervals throughout 360º

Triangles in Combination

By using a 30º-60º triangle in combination with a 45º triangle you may draw lines at 15º

Protractor

When drawing or measuring lines at angles other than multiples of 15º, a protractor is used

Compass

A compass is used to draw circles To thicken the pencil line of a circle, draw a series of concentric circles by adjusting the radius of the circle slightly

Circle Template

Circle templates are useful for drawing small circles without a compass

The Alphabet of Lines

The type of line draw depends on the what the line is representing in the drawing

• All lines should always be dark and clear as if drawn with a pen.
• The only difference between an object line and any other line should be the width of the line.
• Keep the pencil as close to perpendicular as possible when drawing a line.
• When drawing with instruments tape the paper to the table.